Key: Some of these questions are open to interpretation – I did my best in choosing the most generally correct answer.

 

  1. a
  2. b
  3. d
  4. a
  5. b
  6. e
  7. c
  8. c
  9. c – donÕt worry about this
  10. d
  11. a
  12. c – it would really depend on the specifics – IÕm putting c with the thought that itÕs an ecotone
  13. a
  14. d
  15. e
  16. a
  17. e
  18. a
  19. b
  20. b
  21. c
  22. a
  23. f
  24. f
  25. a
  26. a
  27. a
  28. b
  29. d
  30. d
  31. c
  32. c
  33. e – itÕs actually over 6 billion right now
  34. d is most likely in a practical sense, but you could make a theoretical argument for c

 

Short Answer

 

  1. 6CO2 + 6H2O ¨ C6H12O2 + 6H2O
  2. Opposite reaction from 1
  3. First trophic level = primary producers = grass, tree

Second trophic level = primary consumers = rabbit, grasshopper, bark beetle, termites (bark beetle and termites eat tress)

Third trophic level = secondary consumers = fox, hawk, praying mantis (eats bugs)

      Fourth trophic level = decomposers = fungus

 

  1. Review Ch 9 pp 168-171

Phytoplankton ¨ zooplankton ¨ crustaceans, small fish, etc ¨ larger fish ¨ seals, biggest fish

 

The general rule of thumb is that only 10% of the energy in one level is passed on to the next higher level. Recall that this is a real overestimate though.

 

  1. Review succession in chapter 10. Start with primary succession, moving through secondary succession ending with a climax community of shade tolerant, long lived trees.

 

  1. K, K (note – this isnÕt usually considered to be a trait subject to R and K interp.)

 

K, K

R, R

R, R

K, R

R, R

K

 

  1. Review age structure diagrams in text.

Generally speaking:

 

Broad base, narrow top (pyramid) = rapidly growing population

Columnar/rectangular = stable

Inverted pyramid (wide at top) = diminishing